INTRODUCTION TO UNIT

Target Grade Level:
Elementary and Middle School, Grades 4 - 8

This unit contains five lessons that center on politics and diplomacy. The main goals of the unit are that students understand the arts and skills of diplomacy and become aware of some tools used by successful diplomats.

The content focuses on rich descriptions of meetings between Lewis and Clark and Indian tribes, especially the Teton Sioux and the Shoshone. These encounters offer fertile fields for students to begin understanding the arts and skills needed for successful diplomacy. The unit includes the examination of both American and tribal values/goals. It also explores diplomatic strategies and how Lewis and Clark used these strategies both successfully and unsuccessfully.

The pedagogy of the unit is based largely upon inquiry. Relying heavily on the use of primary documents, artifacts, paintings, a map, and a time line, students gather and analyze information, compare and contrast cultures and points of view, make inferences, and write about their discoveries.

Ongoing student assessments are both formative and summative. Assessments take the form of oral recitation, written summaries, and completion of graphic organizers to show understandings. A Performance Assessment Task, in which students apply learned knowledge and skills of diplomacy in a scenario of conflict between two school teams, is included as a culmination of the unit.

Explore Connections to Today for this unit.

MAJOR UNDERSTANDINGS

Successful diplomacy depends in large measure upon the negotiating parties having a deep understanding of each other's goals and values.

ESSENTIAL UNIT QUESTIONS

What makes a diplomat successful? How does understanding the other's cultural values and goals lead to success in diplomacy? How can misunderstanding the other's values and goals lead to diplomatic mistakes?

KEY KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES

Students will:

• know the key events/outcomes of these two encounters.
  1. Teton Sioux/Lewis and Clark
  2. Shoshone/Lewis and Clark
• know this content vocabulary: diplomacy, tact, skill, art, strategy
• identify three goals that President Thomas Jefferson wanted Lewis and Clark to achieve in their dealings with the Indian tribes
• identify four diplomatic strategies used by Lewis and Clark
• know that successful diplomacy depends in large measure upon the negotiators having a deep understanding of each other's goals and values

KEY SKILL OBJECTIVES

Students will:

• listen actively to readings
• summarize stories of encounters
• use vocabulary terms correctly
• gather information from a map
• sequence and organize encounters on a time line
• gather and analyze data from primary documents
• examine and gather information from paintings and sketches
• analyze artifacts and make inferences based on observations
• analyze video/audio transcripts by a contemporary tribal leader
• compare and contrast two tribes using a Venn diagram
• compare and contrast different perspectives

FORMATIVE ASSESMENT SUGGESTIONS

Students will take the role of a diplomat, Meriwether Lewis, and write a three-to-five-sentence speech to be read to a tribal chief. The speech must incorporate at least three of President Jefferson's diplomatic goals.

Students will take the role of a tribal chief and write a three-to-five-sentence response to the above speech. The response must include at least one reason to accept or reject what Lewis has written.

Students will list (or draw and label) the four major diplomatic strategies used by Lewis and Clark and give an example of each.

Students will sequence four encounters on a time line and infer the degree of diplomatic success for each encounter after analyzing primary sources.

Students will write a four-to-five-sentence summary of the encounter between Lewis and Clark and the Teton Sioux, including at least three of their new vocabulary words, correctly used.

Students will tell the story of Lewis and Clark's encounter with the Shoshone tribe orally to another student. The recitation must include at least three details from the narrative they have heard.

Students will complete a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the Corps' encounters with the Teton-Sioux and the Shoshone tribes.

Students will use an information chart to compare various perspectives of the pipe ceremony.

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